ASTM A516 Pressure Vessel Plates

November 28, 2019

ASTM A516/ A516, identical with ASME SA-516/ SA-516M, is the standard specification for carbon steel pressure vessel plates for moderate- and lower-temperature services. Carbon steel plates made in accordance with ASTM A516 are primarily intended for service in welded pressure vessels where improved notch toughness is important. They can also be used for the manufacture of electric-fusion-welded steel pipes in accordance with ASTM A671 or ASTM A672. S/O plate flanges and blind flanges according to ASME B16.5, as well as line blanks (spectacle blind flanges, spades, spacers) according to ASME B16.48, may also be manufactured from ASTM A516 plates.

ASTM A516 grade 65 plates; Manufacturer: WUSTEEL.

Steel plates under this specification are available in four grades classified according to the minimum tensile strength: Grade 55 [Grade 380], Grade 60 [Grade 415], Grade 65 [Grade 450], Grade 70 [Grade 485]. The maximum thickness of ASTM A516 plates is limited only by the capacity of the composition to meet the specified mechanical property requirements.

Chemical Composition Requirements

ASTM A516 Pressure Vessel Plates
Element		Gr. 55	Gr. 60	Gr. 65	Gr.70
C max	t≤1/2"	0.18	0.21	0.24	0.27
	1/2"< t ≤2"	0.20	0.23	0.26	0.28
	2"< t ≤4"	0.22	0.25	0.28	0.30
	4"< t ≤8"	0.24	0.27	0.29	0.31
	t>8"	0.26	0.27	0.29	0.31
Mn	*H.A. t≤1/2"	0.60–0.90	0.60–0.90	0.85–1.20	0.85–1.20
	*P.A. t≤1/2"	0.55–0.98	0.55–0.98	0.79–1.30	0.79–1.30
	*H.A. t>1/2"	0.60–1.20	0.85–1.20	0.85–1.20	0.85–1.20
	*P.A. t>1/2"	0.55–1.30	0.79–1.30	0.79–1.30	0.79–1.30
P	max	0.025	0.025	0.025	0.025
S	max	0.025	0.025	0.025	0.025
Si	*H.A.	0.15–0.40	0.15–0.40	0.15–0.40	0.15–0.40
Si	*P.A.	0.13–0.45	0.13–0.45	0.13–0.45	0.13–0.45

*t: plate thickness; *H.A.: heat analysis; *P.A.: product analysis; unit: %.
*CE = C + Mn/6 + (Cr+Mo+V)/5 + (Ni+Cu)/15; CE shall be less than 0.43.

Mechanical Properties

ASTM A516	*T.S. MPa [ksi]	*Y.S. MPa [ksi]	*EL. 8" min. %	*EL. 2" min. %
Grade 55	380–515 [55–75]	≥205 [≥30]	23	27
Grade 60	415–550 [60-80]	≥220 [≥32]	21	25
Grade 65	450–585 [65–85]	≥240 [≥35]	19	23
Grade 70	485–620 [70–90]	≥260 [≥38]	17	21

*T.S.: tensile strength; *Y.S.: yield strength; *EL. 8″: elongation in 8″; *EL. 2″: elongation in 2″.

Manufacture, Heat Treatment & Testing

The ASTM A516 steel shall be killed and shall conform to the fine austenitic grain size requirement of ASTM A20/ A20M. The ASTM A516 plates 1.50″ [40 mm] and under in thickness are normally supplied in the as-rolled condition, and may be furnished in normalized or stress relived condition upon purchasers’ request. Plates over 1.50″ [40 mm] in thickness shall be normalized. When notch-toughness tests are required on plates
1.50″ [40 mm] and under in thickness, the plates shall be normalized unless otherwise specified by the purchaser. If approved by the purchaser, cooling rates faster than those obtained by cooling in air are permissible for improvement of the toughness, provided the plates are subsequently tempered in the temperature range 1100 to 1300°F [595 to 705°C].

The inspection and testing required for ASTM A516 steel plates include: chemical analysis, tension test, Charpy V-Notch impact test, drop weight test, high-temperature tension test, ultrasonic examination, as well as magnetic particle examination.

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